In neurological research, cognitive/behavioural evaluations typically has the traditional cognitive functions (e.g. working memory or spatial orientation) as the conceptual and methodological point of departure. However, such “functions” appear to be neither unitary nor homogenous (across individuals) - e.g. numerous cognitive tests can be demonstrated to be procedure-dependent. And additionally, there is growing evidence of unexpected individual differences and experience-dependency regarding traditional “functions”. Thus, the traditional system of cognitive functions needs to be modified. Presently, it is argued that the adequate focus is the applied strategies rather than traditionally defined functions. This is argued with the Reorganization of Elementary Functions (REF) framework as the theoretical foundation. Furthermore, it is being discussed how best to approach the neurocognitive research process with such a focus on strategies rather than functions. The use of already established “challenge” procedures is being referred to. Also, it is presented that novel computational methods are presently being developed towards even more detailed and unbiased analyses of behavioural/cognitive data as well as analyses of neural processes revealed by EEG/MEG.